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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Xanthon</span></h1>
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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="de" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="de" dir="ltr"><table class="wikitable infobox float-right" id="Vorlage_Infobox_Chemikalie" style="font-size:90%; margin-top:0; width:350px;" summary="Infobox Chemikalie">

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<th colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122;">Strukturformel
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<td colspan="2" class="hintergrundfarbe-basis skin-invert-image" style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"></span>
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<tr>
<th colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122;">Allgemeines
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td style="width:33%;">Name
</td>
<td>Xanthon
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Andere Namen
</td>
<td>
<ul><li>9<i>H</i>-Xanthen-9-on (<a href="IUPAC-Nomenklatur" class="mw-redirect" title="IUPAC-Nomenklatur">IUPAC</a>)</li>
<li>Dibenzo-γ-pyron</li>
<li>9-Oxo-<a href="Xanthen" title="Xanthen">Xanthen</a></li></ul>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Summenformel" title="Summenformel">Summenformel</a>
</td>
<td>C<sub>13</sub>H<sub>8</sub>O<sub>2</sub>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Kurzbeschreibung
</td>
<td>
<p>farblose Nadeln<sup id="cite_ref-roempp_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-roempp-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122;">Externe Identifikatoren/Datenbanken
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="padding:0;">
<table class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable" data-expandtext="+" data-collapsetext="−" style="border-top:none; margin:-1px; width:calc(100% + 2px);">

<tbody><tr>
<td style="width:33%;"><a href="CAS-Nummer" title="CAS-Nummer">CAS-Nummer</a>
</td>
<td><span title="Untervorlage eingebunden: CASRN"></span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=90-47-1">90-47-1</a><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span>
</td>
<td style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122; border-top:1px solid #FFDEAD; padding:0.2em 0; vertical-align:bottom; width:5%;">
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="EG-Nummer" title="EG-Nummer">EG-Nummer</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2">201-997-7
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Europ%C3%A4ische_Chemikalienagentur" title="Europäische Chemikalienagentur">ECHA</a>-InfoCard
</td>
<td colspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.echa.europa.eu/de/substance-information/-/substanceinfo/100.001.816">100.001.816</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="PubChem" title="PubChem">PubChem</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/7020">7020</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="ChemSpider" title="ChemSpider">ChemSpider</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.6753.html">6753</a>
</td></tr>


<tr>
<td style="border-right:1px solid #a2a9b1;"><a href="Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421789" class="extiw external" title="d:Q421789">Q421789</a>
</td></tr></tbody></table>
</td></tr>








<tr>
<th colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122;">Eigenschaften
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Molare_Masse" title="Molare Masse">Molare Masse</a>
</td>
<td>196,19 <a href="Gramm" title="Gramm">g</a>·<a href="Mol" title="Mol">mol</a><sup>−1</sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Aggregatzustand" title="Aggregatzustand">Aggregatzustand</a>
</td>
<td>
<p>fest
</p>
</td></tr>


<tr>
<td><a href="Schmelzpunkt" title="Schmelzpunkt">Schmelzpunkt</a>
</td>
<td>
<p>174–176 <a href="Grad_Celsius" title="Grad Celsius">°C</a><sup id="cite_ref-Alpha_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Alpha-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Siedepunkt" title="Siedepunkt">Siedepunkt</a>
</td>
<td>
<p>351 °C<sup id="cite_ref-roempp_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-roempp-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
</td></tr>






<tr>
<td><a href="L%C3%B6slichkeit" title="Löslichkeit">Löslichkeit</a>
</td>
<td>
<ul><li>nahezu unlöslich in kaltem Wasser<sup id="cite_ref-Alpha_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Alpha-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>wenig löslich in heißem Wasser und <a href="Petrolether" title="Petrolether">Petrolether</a><sup id="cite_ref-roempp_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-roempp-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>löslich in <a href="Ethanol" title="Ethanol">Ethanol</a>, <a href="Diethylether" title="Diethylether">Diethylether</a>, <a href="Chloroform" title="Chloroform">Chloroform</a>, <a href="Benzol" title="Benzol">Benzol</a> und in konzentrierter <a href="Schwefels%C3%A4ure" title="Schwefelsäure">Schwefelsäure</a><sup id="cite_ref-roempp_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-roempp-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
</td></tr>




<tr>
<th colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122;">Sicherheitshinweise
</th></tr>


<tr>
<td colspan="2">
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" style="width:100%;">




<tbody><tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><b><a href="Global_harmonisiertes_System_zur_Einstufung_und_Kennzeichnung_von_Chemikalien" title="Global harmonisiertes System zur Einstufung und Kennzeichnung von Chemikalien">GHS-Gefahrstoffkennzeichnung</a></b><sup id="cite_ref-Sigma_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sigma-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
<table class="hintergrundfarbe-neutral" style="text-align:center; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; display:flex; justify-content:center;">

<tbody><tr>
<td><i>keine GHS-Piktogramme</i>
</td></tr></tbody></table>
<p>
</p>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2" width="33%" style="border-top:1px #A7A7A7 dashed; border-right:1px #A7A7A7 dashed;"><a href="H-_und_P-S%C3%A4tze" title="H- und P-Sätze">H- und P-Sätze</a>
</td>
<td style="border-top:1px #A7A7A7 dashed;">H: <span title="Untervorlage eingebunden: H-Sätze"></span><i>keine H-Sätze</i>
</td></tr>



<tr>
<td style="border-top:1px #A7A7A7 dashed;">P: <span title="Untervorlage eingebunden: P-Sätze"></span><i>keine P-Sätze</i><sup id="cite_ref-Sigma_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sigma-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>




<tr>
<td><a href="Toxizit%C3%A4t" title="Toxizität">Toxikologische Daten</a>
</td>
<td>
<ul><li>180 mg·kg<sup>−1</sup> (<a href="Letale_Dosis" title="Letale Dosis">LD<sub>50</sub></a>,&nbsp;<a href="M%C3%A4use" title="Mäuse">Maus</a>,&nbsp;<a href="Intraven%C3%B6s" title="Intravenös">i.v.</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-chemid_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chemid-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span></li>
<li>&gt; 500 mg·kg<sup>−1</sup> (<a href="Letale_Dosis" title="Letale Dosis">LD</a>,&nbsp;<a href="Ratten" title="Ratten">Ratte</a>,&nbsp;<a href="Peroral" title="Peroral">oral</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-chemid_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chemid-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span></li></ul>
</td></tr>






<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122; font-size:80%; text-align:center; line-height:150%; padding:.25em;">Wenn nicht anders vermerkt, gelten die angegebenen Daten bei <a href="Standardbedingungen" title="Standardbedingungen">Standardbedingungen</a> (0 °C, 1000&nbsp;hPa).
</td></tr></tbody></table><p><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span>
</p><p><b>Xanthon</b> (auch <i>Xanthen-9-on</i> oder <i>Dibenzo-γ-pyron</i>) ist eine <a href="Heterocyclus" class="mw-redirect" title="Heterocyclus">heterocyclische</a> <a href="Chemische_Verbindung" title="Chemische Verbindung">chemische Verbindung</a>, die zu den <a href="Ether" title="Ether">Ethern</a> und <a href="Keton" class="mw-redirect" title="Keton">Ketonen</a> gehört und Namensgeber der Stoffgruppe der <a href="Xanthone" title="Xanthone">Xanthone</a> ist. Das Reduktionsprodukt <a href="Xanthen" title="Xanthen">Xanthen</a> bildet den Grundkörper der <a href="Xanthenfarbstoffe" title="Xanthenfarbstoffe">Xanthen-Pflanzenfarbstoffe</a>. Es ist isomer zum <a href="Fluoron" title="Fluoron">Fluoron</a> (<i>Xanthen-3-on</i>).
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vorkommen_und_Darstellung">Vorkommen und Darstellung</h2></div>
<p>Xanthon selbst kommt in der Natur nicht vor, jedoch etwa 200 seiner <a href="Derivat_(Chemie)" title="Derivat (Chemie)">Derivate</a> wie beispielsweise <a href="Chinonin" title="Chinonin">Chinonin</a> (<i>Mangoferin</i>), Corymbiferin, <a href="Euxanthins%C3%A4ure" title="Euxanthinsäure">Euxanthinsäure</a>, Euxanthon, Gentisin und <a href="Mangostin_(Farbstoff)" title="Mangostin (Farbstoff)">Mangostin</a>. Die Darstellung von Xanthon erfolgt durch <a href="Destillation" title="Destillation">Destillation</a> von <a href="Salicyls%C3%A4urephenylester" title="Salicylsäurephenylester">Salicylsäurephenylester</a>.
</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eigenschaften_und_Verwendung">Eigenschaften und Verwendung</h2></div>
<p>Xanthon bildet farblose, leicht sublimierbare Nadeln, die von 174 bis 176&nbsp;°C schmelzen und bei etwa 351&nbsp;°C sieden. Es ist leicht löslich in <a href="Ethanol" title="Ethanol">Ethanol</a>, <a href="Diethylether" title="Diethylether">Ether</a>, <a href="Chloroform" title="Chloroform">Chloroform</a> und <a href="Benzol" title="Benzol">Benzol</a>, aber unlöslich in Wasser. In konzentrierter <a href="Schwefels%C3%A4ure" title="Schwefelsäure">Schwefelsäure</a> löst sich die Verbindung mit gelber Farbe zu einer Flüssigkeit mit intensiv hellblauer Fluoreszenz. Unter reduktiven Bedingungen lässt sich Xanthon in <a href="Xanthen" title="Xanthen">Xanthen</a> und <a href="Xanthydrol" title="Xanthydrol">Xanthydrol</a> überführen, durch Einwirkung von <a href="Grignard-Verbindung" class="mw-redirect" title="Grignard-Verbindung">Grignard-Verbindungen</a> entstehen Xanthyliumsalze.
Die einzig bekannte Verwendung von Xanthon ist der Einsatz als spezifisches <a href="Insektizid" title="Insektizid">Insektizid</a>, welches vor allem auf Larven von <a href="Echte_Motten" title="Echte Motten">Motten</a> als sogenanntes <i><a href="Larvizid" title="Larvizid">Larvizid</a></i> wirkt.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2></div>
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-roempp-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-roempp_1-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-roempp_1-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-roempp_1-2">c</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-roempp_1-3">d</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Eintrag zu <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://roempp.thieme.de/lexicon/RD-24-00044"><i>Xanthon</i></a>. In: <i><a href="R%C3%B6mpp_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="Römpp Online">Römpp Online</a>.</i> Georg Thieme Verlag, abgerufen am 30.&nbsp;September 2014.<span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Alpha-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Alpha_2-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Alpha_2-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Datenblatt <span style="font-style:italic;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.alfa.com/de/catalog/A14812">Xanthon</a></span> bei <a href="Alfa_Aesar" title="Alfa Aesar">Alfa Aesar</a>, abgerufen am 22.&nbsp;Januar 2010 <small>(Seite nicht mehr abrufbar)</small>.<span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Sigma-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Sigma_3-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Sigma_3-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Datenblatt <span style="font-style:italic;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/SIAL/95502">Xanthone</a></span> bei <a href="Sigma-Aldrich" title="Sigma-Aldrich">Sigma-Aldrich</a>, abgerufen am 19.&nbsp;Juni 2023 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/DE/de/sds/SIAL/95502?userType=anonymous">PDF</a>).<span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>U.S. Army Armament Research &amp; Development Command.</i> Chemical Systems Laboratory, NIOSH Exchange Chemicals. Vol. NX#01611.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-chemid-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-chemid_5-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-chemid_5-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Eintrag zu <span style="font-style:italic;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://chem.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/rn/90-47-1">Xanthone</a></span> in der <a href="ChemIDplus" title="ChemIDplus">ChemIDplus</a>-Datenbank der <a href="United_States_National_Library_of_Medicine" title="United States National Library of Medicine">United States National Library of Medicine</a> (NLM) <small>(Seite nicht mehr abrufbar<span style="display:none;" class="editoronly">, Inhalt nun verfügbar via PubChem ID <span class="wikidata-content"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/7020">7020</a></span></span>)</small><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>National Academy of Sciences.</i> National Research Council, Chemical-Biological Coordination Center, Review. Vol. 5, S. 25, 1953.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Steiner, L. F. and S. A. Summerland. 1943. <i>Xanthone as an ovicide and larvicide for the codling moth.</i> Journal of economic entomology 36, 435–439.</span>
</li>
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